(Chapter 2: Hardware & Software); "IPO Cycle,Computer System, Computer Hardware,Input Devices"

IPO Cycle

Any machine cannot work on its own, we have to give commands instructions to make it work.In the same way a computer also cannot work on its own.You need to enter letters, numbers pictures , and instructions into the computer to make it work

A computer works on the IPO(Input-Process-Output ) cycle.

It receives input from the user through Input Devices, processes it using CPU and gives back the output using output devices.This is Known as IPO Cycle.

We give data to the computer and it gives us information in the form of output.

Computer System

A computer system is made up of many parts.Each part of the computer performs a different task.The computer system is made up of two types of parts-

1.Hardware

2.Software

The parts of the computer that we use to work with are called devices.

Computer Hardware

The parts of a computer that we can see and touch are called Hardware.All the input, processing , output and storage devices from the hardware components system.The hardware components are divided into four categories.

Input Devices

The devices that are used to enter data into a computer and gives commands are known as input devices. The most commonly used input devices are keyboard and mouse, but we are using other input devies also like-Keyboard, mouse,scanner, joystick, touchscreen, microphone, web camera, light pen, etc.

Keyboard

Akeyboard is used to give input to the computer by typing numbers, letters, and special characters.

A standard keyboard has 104 keys.

Mouse 

A mouse is used to point the icons or items on the monitor. It has two buttons and a scroll wheel. It helps us to draw pictures and play games on the computer and also move things on the monitor. A mouse helps us to select and open applications or programs on the monitor. Mouse also helps to give instructions to the computer.

Microphone

A microphone is used to record our voice and many other sounds and store them in the computer. Using a microphone and Internet, you can talk to your friends and family too.

Scanner

A scanner is a machine which copies the picture or text from a paper onto a computer. The paper with text or picture to be copied is placed on the glass of the scanner. The scanner captures all the parts of the paper having pictures or text, makes a copy of it and stores it in the computer.

 Joystick

A joystick is used to play games on a computer. It helps to control the different movements in the game.

Touchscreen

A touchscreen is used to enter data by simply touching the screen. In this, the finger acts as a pointing device as the object on the screen is pointed using the finger.

WebCamera

A webcam is a built-in or standalone camera that captures still images and video on a computer. It is commonly used for video conferencing.

• Laptop have in-built cameras, so webcam are used in desktop system.

Light Pen

A light pen is used to point to display objects or draw on the screen in a way like a touch screen.