3. Introduction Part 2

Energy

Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Its unit is the same as that of work.

SI unit of energy or work = Joule (Nm)

Energy has different forms: Light, heat, chemical, electrical or mechanical.

Mechanical energy is the sum of:
(i) Kinetic energy (K.E)
(ii) Potential energy (P.E)

Kinetic Energy

Objects in motion possess energy and can do work. This energy is called Kinetic Energy.
F = ma.
Also W = F.s
⇒ From the 2nd equation of motion v²−u²=2as,
⇒ we get s = v²−u² / 2a

Substituting equation for work done by a moving body,
⇒ we get W =m.a * v²−u² / 2a

Or

⇒ Kinetic Energy = K.E= 1/2 mv² (taking initial velocity u=0)

When two identical bodies are in motion, the body with a higher velocity has more K.E.

Work-energy theorem

The work-energy theorem states that the net work done by a moving body can be calculated by finding the change in KE.

⇒ W_net = KE_final− KE_initial

⇒ W_net = 1/2 mv²