Indira Gandhi Memorial High School
CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
- Around 12,000 years ago major changes were seen in the climate of the world.
- It was a shift to relatively warm conditions.
- This led to the development of the Grasslands.
- Which increased the number of dependent on grasslands, such as
- antelope
- deer
- cattle
- goat
- sheep
- Hunters of these animals now started following them.
- Learning about their food habits.
- Their breeding seasons.
- Now people started herding and rearing animals.
- Fishing was also an important activity.
Farmers:
- Several grain bearing grasses grew naturally
- wheat
- barley
- rice
- This led them to grow plants on their own and became farmers.
Herders:
- People started taming animals by leaving food near their shelters.
- The first tamed animal was the wild ancestor of the dog.
- Later, relatively gentle animals who ate grass lived in herds-
- sheep
- goat
- cattle and
- pigs
Domestication: A process in which people grow plants and look after animals.
- Gradually plants and animals looked different from their wild variety as they were tamed.
- Then people selected plants and animals for domestication.
- People selected them wisely
- those plants and animals that are not prone to disease
- plants that yield large-
- size grain
- have strong stalks
- capable of bearing the weight of the ripe grain
- Seeds preserved of those plants and sown to ensure new plants with the same qualities.
- Relatively gentle animals were selected for breeding.
- Gradually, domesticated animals and plants become different from their wild ones.
- For example- teeth and horn of the wild animals differ from those of domestic animals.
- Domestication began about 12,000 years ago in various parts of the world.
- All the plants and animal product which we use today is a gradual result of domestication.
- The earliest domesticated plants were wheat and barley whereas domesticated animals were sheep and goat.
