- Books Name
- Science Made Easy Science Book
- Publication
- Science Made Easy
- Course
- CBSE Class 9
- Subject
- Science
Universal Law of Gravitation
→ Sir Isaac Newton in 1687 proposed a law about the force of attraction between the
objects in the universe which is known as Newton’s law of gravitation.
According to Universal law of Gravitation
→ Every mass in this universe attracts every other mass with a force which is directly proportional to
the product of two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
• Let masses (M) and (m) of two objects are distance (d) apart, then force of attraction (F) between
them
F ∝ M×m
F ∝ 1/d2
F ∝ Mm/d2
F = (GMm)/d2
where,
G is a constant and is known as Gravitational constant.
Value of G = 6.67×10-11 Nm2/kg2
G is called universal gravitational constant.
→ If unit of F is in Newton, m is in kg, d is in mere, then unit of G can be calculated as :
G = (F×d2)/Mm, therefor unit will be Nm2/kg2
Importance of universal law of gravitation
(i) The force that binds us to the earth.
(ii) The motion of moon around the earth.
(iii) The motion of earth around the sun.
(iv) The tides due to moon and the sun.