3. Plasma and BEC State, Temperature

 Plasma and Bose Einstein condensate state

Two states of matter are plasma and BEC, let’s understand them:

Plasma: It consists of ionized gas, such that its particles are super energetic and super excited.  In devices such as tube lights and CFL, the gases get ionized on the passage of current and glow with the color depending upon the nature of the gas. For Example: Neon gas emits red glow, argon emits green – yellow, etc.

Bose Einstein Condensate State: It is the fifth state of matter and it is obtained on super cooling the gas at almost absolute Kelvin zero temperature.

Temperature and temperature scales

You often fall sick, sometimes due to high fever. Then the first step that has to be taken is to measure temperature by using thermometer which records the temperature of the body in a  given scale.

Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of body or We can also say that temperature measures the extent of motion of atoms. It is measured with the help of thermometer.

There are different scales on which temperature can be recorded:

Commonly used scales are Celsius and Kelvin

Celsius Scale:

• It is written as oC
• On it the lower fixed point (at which ice melts) is O oC
• The upper fixed point on it (at which water boils) is 100 oC

Kelvin Scale:

• The lower fixed point is- 273K
• The upper fixed point is 373 K
• Kelvin scale is called as absolute zero scale of temperature because on it the lowest possible temperature is zero

Relation between K & oC :

These scales are interconvertable by using the well defined relations like 0 oC = 273 K

So, K = oC + 273           or oC = K -273

For example, if we need to convert 25 oC to K then, we need to add 273 to it and it comes out to be 298K.