Urban Livelihoods
    Difference between Primary, Secondary or Tertiary Occupations.
    The work that we do to earn our living is called an occupation. Occupations are generally divided into three main categories -Primary, Secondary and Tertiary.

•   Primary Occupations. 
    Such occupations in which people are engaged in deriving useful goods from natural resources are called primary occupations. Agriculture, forestry, cattle-rearing, dairy farming, fishing, mining, etc., are some such occupations.

•   Secondary Occupations.
    Secondary occupations involve processing of raw material (like agricultural produce, minerals, fish, fowl, etc.) into utility goods by hand or by machines. Textile industries, iron and steel industries, bakeries, leather industry, paper making, etc., all belong to            secondary occupations. Textile industries turn cotton, wool, silk, jute, etc., into cloth. Likewise, iron is used in making a variety of machines, tools, furniture, etc.

•   Tertiary Occupations.
    The third type of occupations are the tertiary occupations in which no goods are produced but people offer their services or expertise. People engaged in leaching, banking, railways, post offices, etc., are all engaged in tertiary occupations.

Rural-Urban Links through Migration
    The act of shifting from one place to the other is called migration. Due to lack of employment facilities in rural areas, many villagers migrate to neighbouring towns and cities. This links rural and urban lives. Such migration of rural folks to urban areas leads to      the over-crowding of cities thereby creating unsanitary conditions there. But it has certain advantages of its own. It leads to the prosperity of both the rural and urban people. The rural people can send their incomes to dependents living in the village and the        urban people can expand their business with the help of rural labour. Thus the rural people save their families from starvation and the urban people increase their production with easily available labour.