Disorders of the Excretory System

1. Nephritis: The infection is caused by bacteria which results in inflammation of the kidney.

2. Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of glomeruli.

3. Pyelonephritis: Inflammation of the tissue of kidneys in the pelvis region.

4. Cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder.

5. Renal Calculi: Stone or insoluble mass of crystallized salts (oxalate etc.) formed within kidney.

6. Polyurea: Amount of urine passed out is more.

7. Uremia: The concentration of urea is increased in blood.

8. Alkaptonuria: It is a genetic disease in which homogentisic acid in excreted out with urine.

9. Pyuria: Presence of pus in the urine.

10. Glycosuria: Presence of glucose in urine.

11. Haematuria: Presence of blood in the urine.

12. Inulin is a fructan storage polysaccharide. It is not metabolised in human body and is a readily filtered through kidneys. It is therefore used in testing kidney function, especially glomerular filtration rate.

13. Tubular maxima: The maximum amount of substance that can be retained in blood and beyond which it will be excreted in urine.