Properties of Ethanol

Ethanol is a volatile liquid with a low melting point. It reacts with sodium to form sodium ethoxide.

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This reaction is used to test the presence of ethanol by the evolution of hydrogen gas.
Dehydration of ethanol in presence of hot sulphuric acid forms alkene.

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Properties of Ethanoic acid

Ethanoic acid is a colourless liquid. When pure ethanoic acid freezes like ice, it is known as Glacial Acetic Acid.  It is formed at a temperature of about 16.6 degrees centigrade
Ethanoic Acid/Acetic acid when reacts with ethanol forms an ester. Ester can be identified by its sweet smell.

The reaction of esters with a strong base is used to form soap. This is known as Specification. Acetic acid also reacts with a strong base to form sodium acetate and water.

NaOH + CH3­COOH + CH3COONa + H2O