CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON COMPOUND .

(i)  Combustion :- carbon burns in oxygen to give carbon dioxide along with the release of heat and heat .

 C  +   O2         CO2 +  heat and light.

CH4  +  O2       CO2  +  H2O + heat and light

CH3CH2OH + O2   CO2 + H2O + heat and light

Saturated hydrocarbon will give a clean flame unsaturated carbon compounds will give a yellow flame with lots of balck soke. The gas slove used at home has inlets for air so that a sufficiently oxygen-rich mixture is burnt to give a clean blue flame. Fuel such as  coal  and  petroleum  have some amount of nitrogen and sulphur in them. The combustion results in the formation of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen which are major pollutants in the environment.

•  Coal Coal and petroleum has been formed from biomass. Coal is the remains of trees, forms that lived millions of year ago . oil and gas are the remains of millions of tiny plants and animals that lived in the sea.

(ii) Oxidation :-   The substance which are used for oxidation are known as oxidizing agent.

E.g  alkaline kMnO4  , acidifed  k2 Cr2O7 .

CH3CH2OH       CH3COOH

(iii) Addition Reaction  unsatured hydrocarbons ( alkenes and alkynes) add hydrogen in the presence of catalysts to give saturated hydrocarbons. 

Catalyst are substance that cause a reaction to occur or proced ata different rate without the reaction itself being affected

  (IV) Substitution Reaction 

Saturated hydrocarbons give substitution reaction e.g methane in presence of sunlight undergo chlorination.

CH4  +  Cl2        CH3Cl +  Hcl (in the presence of sunlight )